New York Metropolitan Flora

Family: Asclepiadaceae

By Science Staff

Not peer reviewed

Last Modified 11/26/2012

List of Asclepiadaceae Genera

Asclepias Cynanchum Periploca

References to Asclepiadaceae

  • Baskin, J. M.; Baskin, C. C. 1977. Germination of common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) seeds. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 104: 167-170.
  • Beaton, L. L.; Dudley, S. A. 2004. Tolerance to salinity and manganese in three common roadside species. Int. J. Plant Sci. 165: 37-51. (Asclepias syriacus, Dipsacus sylvestris, Hesperis matronalis)
  • Brock, T. D. 2009. Ecology and conservation of purple milkweed. Ecological Restoration 27: 269-277.
  • Brown, W. T. et.al. 2001. Volunteer monitoring of nonindigenous invasive plant species in the Adirondack Park, New York, USA. Natural Areas Journal 21: 189-196.
  • Broyles, S. B. 2002. Hybrid bridges to gene flow: A case study in milkweeds (Asclepias). Evolution 56: 1943-1953.
  • Broyles, S. B. 1998. Postglacial migration and the loss of allozyme variation in northern populations of Asclepias exaltata (Aslepiadaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 85: 1091-1097.
  • Broyles, S. B. et.al. 1996. Pollination genetics of hybridization in sympatric populations of Asclepias exaltata and A. syriaca (Asclepiadaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 83: 1580-1584.
  • Broyles, S. B.; Schnabel, A.; Wyatt, R. 1994. Evidence for long-distance pollen dispersal in milkweeds (Asclepias exaltata). Evolution 48: 1032-1040.
  • Broyles, S. B.; Wyatt, R. 1993. The consequences of self-pollination in Asclepias exaltata, a self-incompatible milkweed. Amer. J. Bot. 80: 41-44.
  • Broyles, S. B.; Wyatt, R. 1995. A reexamination of the pollen-donation hypothesis in an experimental population of Asclepias exaltata. Evolution 49: 89-99.
  • Cappuccino, N. 2004. Allee effect in an invasive alien plant, pale swallow-wort Vincetoxicum rossicum (Asclepiadaceae). Oikos 106: 3-8.
  • Cappuccino, N. et.al. 2002. Spread of the invasive alien vine Vincetoxicum rossicum: tradeoffs between seed dispersability and seed quality. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 148: 263-270.
  • Civeyrel, L. et.al. 1998. Critical reexamination of palynological characters used to delimit Asclepiadaceae in comparison to the molecular phylogenies obtained from plastid matK sequences. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 9: 517-527.
  • Cody, W. J. 1982. A comparison of the northern limits of distribution of some vascular plant species found in southern Ontario. Naturaliste Canad. 109: 63-90.
  • DiTommaso, A. et.al. 2005. Seed characteristics of the invasive alien vine Vincetoxicum rossicum are affected by site, harvest date, and storage duration. Canad. J. Bot. 83: 102-110.
  • DiTommaso, A. et.al. 2005. The biology of invasive alien plants in Canada. 2. Cynanchum rossicum (Kleopow) Borhidi and Cynanchum louiseae (L.) Kartesz & Gandhi. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 85: 243-263.
  • Doubleday, L. A. D.; Cappuccino, N. 2011. Simulated herbivory reduces seed production in Vincetoxicum rossicum. Botany 89: 235-242.
  • Endress, M. E.; Bruyns, P. V. 2000. A revised classification of the Apocynaceae s.l. Bot. Rev. 66: 1-56.
  • Endress, M. E.; Stevens, W. D. 2001. The Renaissance of the Apocynaceae s.l.; recent advances in systematics, phylogeny, and evolution: introduction. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 517-522.
  • Fishbein, M. 2001. Evolutionary innovation and diversification in the flowers of Asclepiadaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 603-623.
  • Fishbein, M. et.al. 2011. Phylogenetic relationships of Asclepias (Apocynaceae) inferred from non-coding chloroplast DNA sequences. Syst. Bot. 36: 1008-1023.
  • Fishbein, M.; Venable, D. L. 1996. Diversity and temporal change in the effective pollinators of Asclepias tuberosa. Ecology 77: 1061-1073.
  • Goyder, D. et.al. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships in subtribe Asclepiadinae (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 94: 423-434.
  • Himes, S. L.; Wyatt, R. 2005. Costs and benefits of self-fertility in Asclepias exaltata (Apocynaceae). J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 132: 24-32.
  • Hussey, J. S. 1974. Some useful plants of early New England. Econ. Bot. 28(3): 311-37.
  • Ivey, C. T.; Lipow, S. R.; Wyatt, R. 1999. Mating systems and infertility of swamp milkweed (Asclepias incarnata ssp. incarnata and ssp. pulchra). Heredity 82: 25-35.
  • Ivey, C. T.; Martinez, P.; Wyatt, R. 2003. Variation in pollinator effectiveness in swamp milkweed, Asclepias incarnata (Apocynaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 90: 214-225.
  • Ivey, C. T.; Wyatt, R. 1999. Family outcrossing rates and neighborhood floral density in natural populations of swamp milkweed (Asclepias incarnata): potential statistical artifacts. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98: 1063-1071.
  • Kapoor, B. M. et.al. 1987. Annotated list of the chromosome numbers of the vascular flora of northeastern America V. Naturaliste Canad. 114: 105-116.
  • Kartesz, J. T.; Gandhi, K. N. 1991. Nomenclatural notes for the North American flora VIII. Phytologia 71: 269-280.
  • Kaspar, M. J.; McWilliams, E. L. 1982. Effects of temperature on the germination of selected wild flower seeds. Hortscience 17: 595-596.
  • Kephart, S. R. 1981. Breeding systems in Asclepias incarnata L., A. syrica L., and A. verticillata L. Amer. J. Bot. 68: 226-232.
  • Kephart, S. R. 1987. Phenological variation in flowering and fruiting of Asclepias. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 118: 64-76.
  • Kephart, S. R.; Theiss, K. 2004. Pollinator-mediated isolation in sympatric milkweeds (Asclepias): Do floral morphology and insect behavior influence species boundaries? New Phyt. 161: 265-277.
  • Kincaid, D. T.; De Soyza, A. G.; Stalter, R. 1988. Photosynthetic response of two milkweeds, Asclepias tuberosa and A. syriaca, Hempstead Plains, New York. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 42: 43-8.
  • Ladd, D.; Cappuccino, N. 2005. A field study of seed dispersal and seedling performance in the invasive exotic vine Vincetoxicum rossicum. Canad. J. Bot. 83: 1181-1188.
  • Liede, S. 1996. Anther differentiation in the Asclepiadaceae: form and funtion. In: The anther: form, function and phylogeny. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge. ,
  • Liede, S. 1997. Subtribes and genera of the tribe Asclepiadeae (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) - a synopsis. Taxon 46: 233-247. (See critique and response in Taxon 48(1):23-29. 1999.)
  • Liede, S.; Tauber, A. 2002. Circumscription of the genus Cynanchum (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae). Syst. Bot. 27: 789-800.
  • Lipow, S. R. 1998. Post-zygotic self-incompatability and self-fertility in the Asclepiadaceae and Apocynaceae. Ph.D. Thesis Univ. Georgia, Athens, GA,
  • Lipow, S. R.; Broyles, S. B.; Wyatt, R. 1999. Population differences in self-fertility in the "self-incompatible" milkweed Asclepias exaltata (Asclepiadaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 86: 1114-1120.
  • Lipow, S. R.; Wyatt, R. 2000. Towards an understanding of the mixed breeding system of swamp milkweed (Asclepias incarnata). J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 127: 193-199.
  • Lipow, S. R.; Wyatt, R. 1999. Diallel crosses reveal patterns of variation in fruit-set, seed mass, and seed number in Asclepias incarnata. Heredity 83: 310-318.
  • Lipow, S. R.; Wyatt, R. 2000. Single gene control of postzygotic self-incompatibility in poke milkweed, Asclepias exaltata L. Genetics 154: 893-907.
  • Lovell, H. B. 1951. The mechanisms of pollination. II. Flowers with unusual pollinating mechanisms. Bees 5: 18-20, 23.
  • Lumer, C.; Yost, S. E. 1995. The reproductive biology of Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Moench (Asclepiadaceae), A Mediterranean weed in New York State. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 122: 15-23.
  • Macior, L. W. 1965. Insect adaptation and behavior in Asclepias pollination. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 92: 114-126.
  • Maguire, D. et.al. 2011. Impact of herbivory on performance of Vincetoxicum spp., invasive weeds in North America. Biological Invasions 13: 1229-1240.
  • Milbrath, L. R. 2008. Growth and reproduction of invasive Vincetoxicum rossicum and V. nigrum under artifical defoliation and different light environments. Botany 86: 1279-1290.
  • Monachino, J. 1957. Cynanchum in New York. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 84: 47-48.
  • Morgan, M. T.; Schoen, D. J. 1997. Selection on reproductive characters: Floral morphology in Asclepias syriaca. Heredity 79: 433-441.
  • Morse, D. H. 1994. The role of self-pollen in the female reproductive success of common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca: Asclepiadaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 81: 322-330.
  • Morse, D. H. 1993. The twinning of follicles by common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca). Amer. Midl. Naturalist 130: 56-61.
  • Ollerton, J.; Liede, S. 1997. Pollination systems in the Asclepiadaceae: a survey and preliminary analysis. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 62: 593-604.
  • Potgieter, K.; Albert, V. A. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships within Apocynaceae s.l. based on TRNL intron and TRNL-F spacer sequences and propagule characters. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 523-549.
  • Rapini, A. et.al. 2003. Asclepiadeae classification: evaluating the phylogenetic relationships of the New World Asclepiadoidaea (Apocynacaea). Taxon 52: 33-50.
  • Robertson, C. 1891. Flowers and insects: Asclepiadaceae to Scrophulariaceae. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 5: 569-98.
  • Rosatti, T. J. 1989. The genera of suborder Apocyninaea (Apocynaceae and Asclepiadaceae) in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 70: 307-401.
  • Sage, T. L.; Williams, E. G. 1995. Structure, ultrastructure, and histochemistry of the pollen tube pathway in the milkweed Asclepias exaltata L. Sexual Pl. Reprod. 8: 257-265.
  • Sennblad, B; Bremer, B. 1996. The familial and subfamilial relationships of Apocynaceae and Asclepiadaceae evaluated with rbcL data. Pl. Syst. Evol. 202: 153-175.
  • Sheeley, S. E.; Raynal, D. J. 1996. The distribution and status of species of Vincetoxicum in eastern North America. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 123: 148-156.
  • Shore, J. S. 1993. Pollination genetics of the common milkweed, (Asclepias syriaca) L. Heredity 70: 101-108.
  • Southwick, E. E. et.al. 1981. Nectar production composition energetics and pollinator attractiveness in spring flowers of western New York USA. Amer. J. Bot. 68: 994-1002.
  • St. Denis, M.; Cappuccino, N. 2004. Reproductive biology of Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleo.) Barb. (Asclepiadaceae), an invasive alien in Ontario. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 131: 8-15.
  • Swarupanandan, K. et.al. 1996. The subfamilial and tribal classification of the family Asclepiadaceae. J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 120: 327-369.
  • Theiss, K. et.al. 2007. Pollinator effectiveness on co-occurring milkweeds (Asclepias: Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 94: 505-516.
  • Tooker, J. F.; Reagel, P. F.; Hanks, L. M. 2002. Nectar sources of day-flying lepidoptera of central illinois. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 95: 84-96.
  • Weston, L. A. et.al. 2005. A review of the biology and ecology of three invasive perennials in New York State: Japanese knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum), mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) and pale swallow-wort (Vincetoxicum rossicum). Pl. & Soil 277: 53-69.
  • Willson, M. F.; Bertin, R. I. 1979. Flower-visitors, nectar production, and inflorescence size of Asclepias syriaca. Canad. J. Bot. 57: 1380-1388.
  • Willson, M. F.; Rathcke, B. J. 1974. Adaptive design of the floral display in Asclepias syriaca L. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 92: 47-57.
  • Wilson, M. F.; Price, P. W. 1977. The evolution of inflorescence size in Asclepias (Asclepiadaceae). Evolution 31: 495-511.
  • Woodson, R. E. 1954. The North American species of Asclepias L. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 41: 1-211.
  • Woodson, R. E. 1941. The North American Asclepiadaceae. 1. Perspective of the genera. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 28: 193-244.
  • Wyatt, R. 1996. More on the southward spread of common milkweed Asclepias syriaca L. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 123: 68-69.
  • Wyatt, R. 2007. A new explanation for the evolution of pollinia and loss of carpel fusion in Asclepias and the Apocynaceae s.l. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 94: 474-484.
  • Wyatt, R. et.al. 1993. Range extension southward in common milkweed, Asclepias syriaca L. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 120: 177-179.
  • Wyatt, R.; Broyles, S. B. 1994. Ecology and evolution of reproduction in milkweeds. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 25: 423-441.
  • Wyatt, R.; Broyles, S. B. 1992. Hybridization in North American Asclepias: III. Isozyme evidence. Syst. Bot. 17: 640-648.
  • Wyatt, R.; Broyles, S. B.; Lipow, S. R. 2000. Pollen-ovule ratios in milkweeds (Asclepiadaceae): an exception that probes the rule. Syst. Bot. 25: 171-180.