New York Metropolitan Flora

List of Orchidaceae Genera

References to Orchidaceae

• Adams, M. S. 1970. Adaptations of Aplectrum hyemale to the environment: effects of preconditioning temperature on net photosythesis. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 97: 219-224.
• Ames, O. 1935. Nomenclatural studies in Malaxis and Spiranthes. Bot. Mus. Leafl. 3: 113-133.
• Antlfinger, A. E.; Wendel, L. F. 1997. Reproductive effort and floral photosynthesis in Spiranthes cernua (Orchidaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 84: 769-780.
• Argue, C. L. 1994. Pollination notes on Minnesota orchids: The lady's-slippers. Minnesota Plant Press 13: 1-3.
• Auclair, A. N. 1972. Comparative ecology of the orchids Aplectrum hyemale and Orchis spectabilis. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 99: 1-10.
• Barrett, S. C. H.; Helenurm, K. 1987. The reproductive biology of boreal forest herbs I. Breeding systems and pollination. Canad. J. Bot. 65: 2036-2046.
• Bateman, R. M. et.al. 2003. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of Orchidinae and selected Habenariinae (Orchidaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 142: 1-40.
• Bateman, R. M. et.al. 1997. Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) based on nuclear ITS sequences. 2. Infrageneric relationships and reclassification to achieve monophyly of Orchis sensu stricto. Lindleyana 12: 113-141.
• Boland, J. T.; Scott, P. J. 1992. Ecological aspects of Arethusa bulbosa Calopogon tuberosus and Pogonia ophioglossoides (Orchidaceae) in eastern Newfoundland: II. Partitioning of the microhabitat. Rhodora 94: 374-380.
• Boland, J. T.; Scott, P. J. 1991. Ecological aspects of Arethusa bulbosa Calopogon tuberosus and Pogonia ophioglossoides (Orchidaceae) in eastern Newfoundland Canada I. Flowering and fruiting patterns. Rhodora 93: 248-255.
• Bowles, M. et.al. 2005. Relationships between soil characteristics, distribution and restoration potential of the federal threatened eastern prairie fringed orchid, Plantanthera leucophaea (Nutt.) Lindl. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 154: 273-285.
• Brackley, F. E. 1955. The orchids of New Hampshire. Rhodora 87: 1-117.
• Brandenburg, D. M.; Thieret, J. W. 2003. Epipactis helleborine (Orchidaceae) in Kentucky, with overview of literature on biology of the species. J. Kentucky Acad. Sci. 64: 55-74.
• Brown, C. J.; Scott, P. J. 1997. Environmental parameters influencing the distribution of Platanthera blephariglottis and Platanthera clavellata (Orchidaceae) in peatlands on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 974-980.
• Brown, P. M. 2007. Wild orchids of the northeastern United States: New England, New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. ed. Univ. Press of Florida, Gainesville, FL. , 367 pages. (For review see J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 135:296. 2008.)
• Brown, P. M. 2003. The wild orchids of North America, north of Mexico. Univ. Press of Florida, Gainesville, FL. , 256 pages. (ISBN 0813025729; For review see Pl. Syst. Evol. 247:258.)
• Brown, P. M. 1992. Platanthera pallida, new species (Orchidaceae), of fringed orchis from Long Island, New York, USA. Novon 2: 308-311.
• Brown, P. M. 2008. Platanthera pallida, fifteen years of comparisons. N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 14: 123-134.
• Brumback, W. E. et.al. 2011. Response of an Isotria medeoloides population to canopy thinning. Northeastern Naturalist 18: 185-196.
• Cameron, D. D. et.al. 2009. The chlorophyll-containing orchid Corallorhiza trifida derives little carbon through photosynthesis. New Phyt. 183: 358-364.
• Cameron, K. M. 2005. Leave it to the leaves: a molecular phylogenetic study of Malaxideae (Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 92: 1025-1032.
• Cameron, K. M. et.al. 1999. A phylogentic analysis of the Orchidaceae: evidence from rbcL nucleotide sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 86: 208-224.
• Cameron, K. M.; Chase, M. W. 1999. Phylogenetic relationships of Pogoniinae (Vanilloideae, Orchidaceae): An herbaceous example of the eastern North America-eastern Asia phytogeographic disjunction. J. Pl. Res. 112: 317-329.
• Carpenter, G. M. 1959. A color variant of Habenaria cristata. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 86: 137-138.
• Case, F. W. 1987. Orchids of the Western Great Lakes region. ed. Cranbrook Inst. Sci., Bloomfield Hills, Mich..
• Case, F. W. 1993. The genus Spiranthes in Michigan. Michigan Bot. 22: 79-92.
• Catling, P. M. 1991. Systematics of Malaxis bayardii and M. uniflora. Lindleyana 6: 3-23.
• Catling, P. M. 1981. Taxonomy of autumn-flowering Spiranthes species of southern Nova Scotia. Canad. J. Bot. 59: 1253-1270.
• Catling, P. M. 1982. Breeding systems of northeastern North American Spiranthes taxa (Orchidaceae). Canad. J. Bot. 60: 3017-3039.
• Catling, P. M. 1984. A re-evaluation of Spiranthes x steigeri. Rhodora 86: 469-473.
• Catling, P. M. 1983. Autogamy in eastern Canadian Orchidaceae a review of current knowledge ands some observations. Nat. Canad. 110: 37-54.
• Catling, P. M.; Brown, J. R. 1983. Morphometrics and ecological isolation in sympatric Spiranthes Orchidaceae in southwestern Ontario Canada. Canad. J. Bot. 61: 2747-2759.
• Catling, P. M.; Brownell, V. R. 1999. Platanthera lacera x leucophaea, a new cryptic natural hybrid, and a key to northeastern North American fringed-orchids. Canad. J. Bot. 77: 1144-1149.
• Catling, P. M.; Catling, V. R. 1991. Anther-cap retention in Tipularia discolor. Lindleyana 6: 113-116.
• Chapman, W. K. 1996. Orchids of the Northeast: a field guide. Syracuse Univ. Press, Syracuse, NY. , 200 pages. (ISBN 0-8156-2697-5 (HB), 0-8156-0342-8 (PB).)
• Chester, E. W.; Wofford, B. E.; McKinney, L. E.; Campbell, D. 1996. Rare and noteworthy vascular plants from the Fort Campbell Military Reservation, Kentucky and Tennessee. Sida 17: 269-274.
• Clebsch, E. E. C.; Walker, G. L.; Wofford, B. E. 1989. Noteworthy collections, Tennessee. Castanea 54: 48-50.
• Cole, F. R.; Firmage, D. H. 1984. The floral ecology of Platanthera blephariglottis. Amer. J. Bot. 71: 700-710.
• Correll, D. S. 1950. Native Orchids of North America. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA.
• Cox, A. V. et.al. 1998. Genome size and karyotype evolution in the slipper orchids (Cypripedioideae: Orchidaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 85: 681-687.
• Cox, A. V. et.al. 1997. Phylogenetics of the slipper orchids (Cypripedioideae, Orchidaceae): Nuclear rDNA ITS sequences. Pl. Syst. Evol. 208: 197-223.
• Cribb, P. J. 1997. The genus Cypripedium. Timber Press, Portland, OR. , 301 pages. (ISBN 0881924032)
• Curtis, J. T. 1954. Annual fluctuation in rate of flowering production bt native Cypripediums during two decades. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 81: 340-352.
• Denslow, H. M. 1924. Native orchids of Manhattan Island. J. New York Bot. Gard. 25: 290-293.
• Dieringer, G. 1982. The pollination ecology of Orchis spectabilis Orchidaceae. Ohio J. Science 82: 218-225.
• Dressler, R. L. 1981. The Orchids. Natural Histroy and Classification. Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, MA.
• Dueck, L. A. et.al. 2005. Genetic discrimination of Spiranthes cernua species complex in South Carolina. Selbyana 26: 145-154.
• Eames, E. H. 1916. Some varieties and forms of Connecticut plants. Rhodora 18: 239-240.
• Edens-Meier, R. M. et.al. 2010. Pollen-pistil interactions in North American and Chinese Cypripedium L. (Orchidaceae). Int. J. Plant Sci. 171: 370-381.
• Fernald, M. L. 1911. A botanical expedition to Newfoundland and southern Labrador. Rhodora 13: 109-62.
• Firmage, D. H.; Cole, F. R. 1988. Reproductive success and inflorescence size of Calopogon tuberosus Orchidaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 75: 1371-1377.
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 2002. Flora of North America. Volume 26. Liliales and Orchidales. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. , 723 pages. (ISBN 0195152085)
• Freudenstein, J. V. 1997. A monograph of Corallorhiza (Orchidaceae). Harvard Papers in Botany 1: 5-51.
• Freudenstein, J. V. 1994. Gynostemium structure and relationships of the Corallorhizinae (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 193: 1-19.
• Freudenstein, J. V. 1994. Character transformation and relationships in Corallorhiza (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae): II. Morphological variation and phylogenetic analysis. Amer. J. Bot. 81: 1458-1467.
• Freudenstein, J. V. 1997. Sectile pollinia and relationships in the Orchidaceae. Pl. Syst. Evol. 205: 125-146.
• Freudenstein, J. V. 1996. Proposal to conserve the name Corallorhiza Gagnebin (Orchidaceae) with a conserved spelling. Taxon 45: 695-696.
• Freudenstein, J. V. et.al. 2004. An expanded plastid DNA phylogeny of Orchidaceae and analysis of jackknife branch support strategy. Amer. J. Bot. 91: 149-157.
• Freudenstein, J. V.; Doyle, J. J. 1994. Plastid DNA, morphological variation, and the phylogenetic species concept: The Corallorhiza maculata (Orchidaceae) complex. Syst. Bot. 19: 273-290.
• Freudenstein, J. V.; Senyo, D. M. 2008. Relationships and evolution of matK in a group of leafless orchids (Corallorhiza and Corallorhizinae; Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae). Amer. J. Bot. 95: 498-505.
• Goldman, D. H. 2000. Systematics of Calopogon and the tribe Arethuseae (Orchidaceae). Ph.D. Dissertation University of Texas, Austin, TX,
• Goldman, D. H. et.al. 2004. Molecular and cytological examination of Calopogon (Orchidaceae, Epinendroideae): circumscription, phylogeny, polyploidy, and possible hybrid speciation. Amer. J. Bot. 91: 707-723.
• Goldman, D. H. et.al. 2001. Phylogenetics of Arthuseae (Orchidaceae) based on plastid matK and rbcL sequences. Syst. Bot. 26: 670-695.
• Goldman, D. H. et.al. 2004. Morphometric circumscription of species and infraspecific taxa in Calopogon R.Br. (Orchidaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 247: 37-60.
• Gregg, K. B. 2004. Recovery of showy lady's slippers (Cypripedium reginae Walter) from moderate and severe herbivory by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman). Natural Areas Journal 24: 232-241.
• Hapeman, J. R. 1997. Pollination and floral biology of Platanthera peramoena (Orchidaceae). Lindleyana 12: 19-25.
• Helenurm, K.; Barrett, S. C. H. 1987. The reproductive biology of boreal forest herbs II. Phenology of flowering and fruiting. Canad. J. Bot. 65: 2047-2056.
• Henry, L. K. et.al. 1975. Western Pennylvania orchids. Castanea 40: 93-168.
• Hogan, K. P. 1983. The pollination biology and breeding system of Aplectrum hyemale Orchidaceae. Canad. J. Bot. 61: 1906-1910.
• Hollick, A. 1928. Isotria vereticillata on Staten Island, New York. Torreya 28: 69-70.
• Huntsman, G. R.; Kelly, F. L. 1971. New distribution records for three vascular plants- Cypripedium acaule, Acer negundo, and Silene virginica- in eastern North Carolina. J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 87: 174.
• Kalbfleisch, A. S. 1898. Orchids on Long Island. Pl. World 1: 177-9.
• Kallunki, J. A. 1976. Population studies in Goodyera (Orchidaceae) with emphasis on the hybrid origin of G. tesselata. Brittonia 28: 53-75.
• Kapoor, B. M. et.al. 1987. Annotated list of the chromosome numbers of the vascular flora of northeastern America V. Naturaliste Canad. 114: 105-116.
• Keenan, P. E. 1992. A new form of Triphora trianthophora (Swartz) Rydberg and part 3 of observations on the ecology of Triphora trianthophora Orchidaceae in New Hampshire. Rhodora 94: 38-42.
• Keenan, P. E. 1990. Documentation of longevity of Goodyera pubescens leaves and update on Triphora trianthophora in New Hampshire USA. Rhodora 92: 126-128.
• Keenan, P. E. 1986. New stations for Platanthera flava and Triphora trianthophora and other observations. Rhodora 88: 409-412.
• Kery, M.; Gregg, K. B. 2004. Demographic analysis of dormancy and survival in the terrestrial orchid Cypripedium reginae. J. Ecol. 92: 686-695.
• Kingsbury, J. M. 1966. Poison ivy, poison sumac and other rash-producing plants. Cornell Extension Bulletin 1154: 1-16.
• Lamont, E. E. 1996. Atlas of the orchids of Long Island, New York. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 123: 157-66.
• Lamont, E. E.; Fitzgerald, J. M. 2001. Noteworthy plants reported from the Torrey Range- 2000. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 128: 409-414.
• Lamont, E. E.; Stalter, R. 2007. Orchids of Atlantic coast barrier islands from North Carolina to New York. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 134: 540-551.
• Leroux, G. et.al. 1997. Morphogenesis of the protocorm of Cypripedium acaule (Orchidaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 205: 53-72.
• Light, M. H. S. et.al. 2006. Appearance and disappearance of a weedy orchid, Epipactis helleborine. Folia Geobotanica 41: 77-93.
• Little, K. J. et.al. 2005. Pollination ecology, genetic diversity and selection on nectar spur length in Platanthera lacera (Orchidaceae). Pl. Spec. Biol. 20: 183-190.
• Luer, C. A. 1975. The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada excluding Florida. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.
• McGrath, R. T. 2008. Contributions to the status and morphology of Platanthera pallida, pale fringe orchis. Long Island Botanical Society Newsletter 18: 1,3-6.
• McMaster, R. T. 2001. The population biology of Liparis loeselii, Loesel's twayblade, in a Massachusetts wetland. Northeastern Naturalist 8: 163-178.
• Medley, M. E. 1979. Some aspects of the life history of Triphora trianthophora (Sw.) Rydb. (three birds orchid) with special reference to its pollination. M.A. Thesis Andrews University,
• Mehrhoff, L. A. 1983. Pollination in the genus Isotria (Orchidaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 70: 1444-1453.
• Mehrhoff, L. A. 1989. Reproductive vigor and environmental factors in populations of an endangered North American orchid Isotria medeloides (Pursh) Raf. Biol. Conserv. 47: 281-296.
• Morris, F.; Eames, E. E. 1929. Our Wild Orchids. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.
• Neubig, K. M. et.al. 2009. Phylogenetic utility of ycf1 in orchids: a plastid gene more variable than matK. Pl. Syst. Evol. 277: 75-84.
• O'Connell, L. M.; Johnston, M. O. 1998. Male and female pollination success in a deceptive orchid, a selection study. Ecology 79: 1246-1260.
• Parsons, M. J. 2005. Orchids of Long Island. Long Island Botanical Society Newsletter 15: 1, 3-4.
• Pridgeon, A. M. et.al. 1997. Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) based on nuclear its sequences. 1. Intergeneric relationships and polyphyly of Orchis sensu lato. Lindleyana 12: 89-109.
• Primack, R. B.; Stacy, E. 1998. Cost of reproduction in the pink slipper orchid (Cypripedium acule, Orchidaceae): An eleven-year experimental study of three populations. Amer. J. Bot. 85: 1672-1679.
• Proctor, H. C. 1998. Effect of pollen age on fruit set, fruit weight, and seed set in three orchid species. Canad. J. Bot. 76: 420-427.
• Proctor, H. C.; Harder, L. D. 1994. Pollen load, capsule weight, and seed production in three orchid species. Canad. J. Bot. 72: 249-255.
• Raikumari, J. D.; Longiam, R. S. 2005. Orchid flower evolution. J. Genet. 84: 81-84.
• Rasmussen, H. N.; Whigham, D. F. 2002. Phenology of roots and mycorrhiza in orchid species differing in phototrophic strategy. New Phyt. 154: 797-807.
• Rasmussen, H. N.; Whigham, D. F. 1993. Seed ecology of dust seeds in situ: A new study technique and its application in terrestrial orchids. Amer. J. Bot. 80: 1374-1378.
• Rasmussen, H. N.; Whigham, D. F. 1998. The underground phase: A special challenge in studies of terrestrial orchid populations. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 126: 49-64.
• Rasmussen, H. N.; Whigham, D. F. 1998. Importance of woody debris in seed germination of Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae).
• Reddoch, A. H. 1993. The species pair Platanthera orbiculata and P. macrophylla (Orchidaceae): taxonomy, morphology, distributions and habitats. Lindleyana 8: 171-187.
• Reddoch, J. M.; Reddoch, A. H. 2007. Population ecology of Platanthera hookeri (Orchidaceae) in southwestern Quebec, Canada. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 134: 369-378.
• Reddoch, J. M.; Reddoch, A. H. 2007. Population dynamics and flowering synchrony of Goodyera pubescens (Orchidaceae) in southwestern Quebec, Canada. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 134: 379-388.
• Robertson, J. L.; Wyatt, R. 1990. Evidence for pollination ecotypes in the yellow-fringed orchis Platanthera ciliaris. Evolution 44: 121-133.
• Robertson, J. L.; Wyatt, R. 1990. Reproductive biology of the yellow-fringed orchid Platanthera ciliaris. Amer. J. Bot. 77: 388-398.
• Schrenk. W. J. 1978. North American Platantheras: Evolution in the making. Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 47: 429-437.
• Seeley, L. M. 1955. Cypripedium acaule. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 82: 241-243.
• Shefferson, R. P. 2006. Survival costs of adult dormancy and the confounding influence of size in lady's slipper orchids, genus Cypripedium. Oikos 115: 253-262.
• Sheviak, C. J. 1974. An introdcution to the ecology of the Illinois Orchidaceae.
• Sheviak, C. J. 1982. Biosystematic Study of the Spiranthes cernua Complex.
• Sheviak, C. J. 1980. The identity and status of Spiranthes ochroleuca (Rydberg) Rydberg. Rhodora 82: 525-562.
• Sheviak, C. J. 1991. Morphological variation in the compilospecies Spiranthes cernua (L.) L. C. Rich.: ecologically-limited effects of gene flow. Lindleyana 6: 228-234.
• Small, E. 1976. Insect pollinators of the Mer Bleue peat bog of Ottawa. Canad. Field-Naturalist 90: 22-28.
• Smith, J. L. et.al. 2002. Genetic variation in the terrestrial orchid Tipularia discolor. Southeastern Naturalist 1: 17-26.
• Smreciu, E. A.; Currah, R. S. 1989. Symbiotic gemination of seeds of terrestrial orchids of North America and Europe. Lindleyana 4: 6-15.
• Snow, A. A.; Whigham, D. F. 1989. Costs of flower and fruit production in Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae). Ecology 70: 1286-1293.
• Squirrell, J. et.al. 2001. Partitioning and diversity of nuclear and organelle markers in native and introduced populations of Epipactis helleborine (Orchidaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 88: 1409-1418.
• Stoutamire, W. P. 1974. Relationships of the Purple-fringed Orchis Platanthera psycodes and P. grandiflora. Brittonia 26: 42-58.
• Stoutamire, W. P. 1978. Pollination of Tipularia discolor, an orchid with modified symmetry. Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 47: 413-415.
• Talalaj, I.; Brzosko, E. 2008. Selfing potential in Epipactis palustrus, E. helleborine and E. atrorubens (Orchidaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 276: 21-29.
• Taylor, D. L.; Bruns, T. D. 1999. Population, habitat and genetic correlates of mycorrhizal specialization in the 'cheating' orchids Corallorhiza maculata and C. mertensiana. Molec. Ecol. 8: 1719-1732.
• Thien, L. B. 1973. Isolating mechanisms in the genus Calopogon. Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 42: 794-797.
• Tissue, D. T. et.al. 1995. Photosynthesis and carbon allocation in Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae), A wintergreen understory herb. Amer. J. Bot. 82: 1249-1256.
• Trapnell, D. W. 1995. Systematic review of Calopogon (Orchidaceae). M.S. Thesis Univ. Georgia, Athens,
• Trapnell, D. W.; Hamrick, J. L.; Giannasi, D. E. 2004. Genetic variation and species boundaries in Calopogon (Orchidaceae). Syst. Bot. 29: 308-315.
• Van der Kinderen, G. 1995. Observations on in situ germination of Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz. Lindleyana 10: 223-231.
• Vitt, P.; Campbell, C. S. 1997. Reproductive biology of Isotria medeoloides (Orchidaceae). Rhodora 99: 56-63.
• Wallace, L. E. 2003. An evaluation of taxonomic boundaries in Platanthera dilatata (Orchidaceae) based on morphological and molecular variation. Rhodora 105: 322-336.
• Wander, W.; Wander, S. A. 1985. Range extension of Goodyera tesselata into northwestern New Jersey. Bartonia 51: 79.
• Wherry, Edgar T. 1920. Correlation between vegetation and soil acidity in southern New Jersey. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 113-9.
• Whigham, D. F. 1980. Studies on the pollination ecology of Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 67: 550-555.
• Whigham, D. F. et.al. 2006. Seed longevity in terrestrial orchids - Potential for persistent in situ seed banks. Biol. Conserv. 129: 24-30.
• Whiting, R. E. 1986. Orchids of Ontario. Cana-Coll Foundation, Ottawa.
• Williams, S. A. 1994. Observations on reproduction in Triphora trianthophora (Orchidaceae). Rhodora 96: 30-43.
• Zelmer, C. D.; Currah, R. S. 1997. Symbiotic germination of Spiranthes lacera (Orchidaceae) with a naturally occurring endophyte. Lindleyana 12: 142-148.
• Zettler, L. W. et.al. 1995. Developmental morphology of Spiranthes odorata seedlings in symbiotic culture. Lindleyana 10: 211-216.
• Zettler, L. W.; Hofer, C. J. 1997. Sensitivity of Spiranthes odorata seeds to light during in vitro symbiotic seed germination. Lindleyana 12: 26-29.
• Zettler, L. W.; Jofer, C. J. 1998. Propagation of the little club-spur orchid (Platanthera clavellata) by symbiotic seed germination and its ecological implications. Environm. Exp. Bot. 39: 189-195.
• Zettler, L. W.; McInnis, T. M. 1993. Symbiotic seed germination and development of Spiranthes cernua and Goodyera pubescens (Orchidaceae: Spiranthoideae). Lindleyana 8: 155-162.
• Zimmer, K. et.al. 2008. The ectomycorrhizal specialist orchid Corallorhiza trifida is a partial myco-heterotroph. New Phyt. 178: 395-400.
• Zimmerman, J. K.; Whigham, D. F. 1992. Ecological functions of carbohydrates stored in corms of Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae). Funct. Ecol. 6: 575-581.