Genus: Penstemon
Nomenclature
Penstemon Schmidel, Icon. Pl., Ed. Keller 2. 1763.List of Penstemon Species
Penstemon calycosus
Penstemon digitalis
Penstemon hirsutus
Penstemon pallidus
Penstemon tubiflorus
Penstemon laevigatus
References to Penstemon
- Clements, R. K. et.al. 2002. The comparative biology of the two closely-related species Penstemon tenuiflorus Pennell and P. Hirsutus (L.) Willd. (Scrophulariaceae, section Graciles): IV. Effects of shade, drought, and soil type on survival and growth. Castanea 67: 177-187.
- Clements, R. K. et.al. 2002. The comparative biology of the two closely-related species Penstemon tenuiflorus Pennell and P. hirsutus (L.) Willd. (Scrophulariaceae, section Graciles): III. Ecological life cycle, growth characteristics, and flowering requirements. Castanea 67: 161-176.
- Clements, R. K. et.al. 1999. The comparative biology of the two closely-related species Penstemon tenuiflorus Pennell and P. hirsutus (L.) Willd. (Scrophulariaceae, section Graciles): II. Reproductive biology. Castanea 64: 299-309.
- Clements, R. K. et.al. 1998. The comparative biology of the two closely-related species Penstemon tenuiflorus Pennell and P. hirsutus (L.) Willd. (Scrophulariaceae, section Graciles): I. Taxonomy and geographical distribution. Castanea 63: 138-153.
- Clinebell, R. R.; Bernhardt, P. 1998. The pollination ecology of five species of Penstemon (Scrophulariaceae) in the tallgrass prairie. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85: 126-136.
- Dieringer, G. et.al. 2002. The interaction between pollinator size and the bristle staminode of Penstemon digitalis (Scrophulariaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 89: 991-997.
- Mitchell, R. J.; Ankeny, D. P. 2001. Effects of local conspecific density on reproductive success in Penstemon digitalis and Hesperis matronalis. Ohio J. Science 101: 22-27.
- Myers, J. A. et.al. 2004. Seed dispersal by white-tailed deer: implications for long-distance dispersal, invasion, and migration of plants in eastern North America. Oecologia 139: 35-44.
- Thomas, P. A. 2003. Sticky exudates on the inflorescences of Cirsium discolor (Asteraceae) and Penstenion digitalis (Scrophulariaceae) as possible defense against seed predators. Great Lakes Entomologist 36: 112-121.
- Wolfe, A. D. et.al. 2006. Phylogeny, taxonomic affinities, and biogeography of Penstemon (Plataginaceae) based on ITS and cpDNA sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 93: 1699-1713.
- Wolfe, A. D.; Datwyler, S. L.; Randle, C. P. 2002. A phylogenetic and biogeographic analysis of the Cheloneae (Scropulariaceae) based on ITS and matK sequence data. Syst. Bot. 27: 138-148.