Nomenclature

Celtis L., Sp. Pl. 1043. 1753. Gen. Pl. 467. 1754. LECTOTYPE: Celtis australis L. designated by Britton & Brown (1913).

Key to the species of Celtis

List of Celtis Species

References to Celtis

• Abrams, M. D.; Kubiske, M. E.; Mostoller, S. A. 1994 . Relating wet and dry year ecophysiology to leaf structure in contrasting temperate tree species. Ecology 75: 123-33.
• Altpeter, L. S. 1944 . Use of vegetation in control of streambank erosion in Northern New England. J. Forest. 42(2): 99-107.
• Bechtel, A. R. 1921 . The floral anatomy of the Urticales. Amer. J. Bot. 8: 386-410.
• Bell, D. T.; Johnson, F. L. 1975 . Phenological patterns in the trees of the streamside forest. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 102: 187-93.
• Boivin, B. 1867 . Les Celtis du Canada. Naturaliste Canad. 94: 621-4.
• Bruederle, L. P.; Stearns, F. W. 1985 . Ice storm damage to a southern Wisconsin mesic forest. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 112(2): 167-75.
• Carpenter, S. B.; Smith, N. D. 1975 . Stomatal distribution and size in southern Appalachian hardwoods. Canad. J. Bot. 53: 1153-6.
• Carpenter, S. B.; Smith, N. D. 1979 . Variation in shade leaf thickness among urban trees growing in metropolitan Lexington, Kentucky. Castanea 44: 94-8.
• Chadwick, L. C. 1939 . New England hurricane damage to trees. Arborist's News 4(1): 1-4.
• Chernik, V. V. 1980 . Peculiarities of structure and development of the pericarp of the representatives of the family Ulmaceae and Celtidaceae. Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Lenengrad) 65(4): 521-31. (In Russian)
• Chernik, V. V. 1975 . Arrangement and reduction of perianth and androecium parts in representatives of Ulmaceae Mirbel and Celtidaceae Link. Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Lenengrad) 60(11): 1561-73. (In Russian; English summary. See also Inter. Bot. Congress:12 Leningrad- abstract)
• Collingwood, G. H. 1940 . Hackberry. Amer. Forests 46: 414-5.
• Cowan, M. R.; Gabel, M. L.; et al. et.al. 1997 . Growth and biomineralization of Celtis occidentalis (Ulmaceae) pericarps. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 137: 266-73.
• Cusick, A. W. 1986 . Distributional and taxanomic notes on the vascular flora of West Virginia. Castanea 51: 56-65.
• Cypher, B. L.; Cypher, E. A. 1999 . Germination rates of tree seeds ingested by coyotes and raccoons. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 142: 71-76.
• Earle, F. S. 1904 . Proceedings of the club. Torreya 4: 12.
• Elias, T. S. 1970 . The genera of Ulmaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 18-40.
• Fernald, M. L.; Schubert, B. G. 1948 . Studies of American types in British herbaria. Rhodora 50: 149-76, 181-208, 217-33.
• Giannasi, D. 1978 . Generic relationships in the Ulmaceae, based on flavonoid chemistry. Taxon 27: 331-44.
• Green, W. E. 1947 . Effect of water impoundment on tree mortality and growth. J. Forest. 45: 118-20.
• Greller, A. M.; Buegler, R.; Johnson, E.; Matarazzo, R.; Anderson, K. 1992 . Two unusual plant communities in Tottenville, Staten Island, New York, with Celtis occidentalis and Asimina triloba. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 119: 446-457.
• Hill, E. 1900 . Celtis pumila Pursh, with notes on allied species. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 496-505.
• Hitchcock, A. S. 1893 . The opening of the buds of some woody plants. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 6(5): 133-41.
• Hoppes, W. G. 1988 . Seedfall pattern of several species of bird-dispersed plants in an Illinois woodland. Ecology 69: 320-329.
• Hosner, J. F. 1959 . Survival, root, and shoot growth of six bottomland tree species following flooding. J. Forest. 57: 927-8.
• Houle, G.; Bouchard, F. 1990 . Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis) at the northeastern limit of its distribution in North America: Population structure and radial growth patterns. Canad. J. Bot. 68: 2685-92. (French summary)
• Hupp, C. R. 1986 . Upstream variation in bottomland vegetation patterns, northwestern Virginia. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 113: 421-30.
• Johnson, F. L.; Bell, D. T. 1976 . Tree growth and mortality in the streamside forest. Castanea 41: 34-41.
• Johnson, R. A.; Willson, M. F.; Thompson, J. N.; Bertin, R. I. 1985 . Nutritional values of wild fruits and consumption by migrant frugivorous birds. Ecology 66: 819-27.
• Killingbeck, K. T. 1985 . Autumnal resorption and accretion of trace metals in gallery forest tress. Ecology 66: 283-6. (Cu, Fe, Mn, & Zn)
• Lodhi, M. A. K. 1977 . The influence and comparison of individual forest trees on soil properties and possible inhibition of nitrification due to intact vegetation. Amer. J. Bot. 64(3): 260-4.
• Maycock, P. F. 1963 . The phytosociology of the deciduous forests of extreme southern Ontario. Canad. J. Bot. 41: 379-438.
• McGregor, R. L. 1985 . Multiple seedlings in Celtis (Ulmaceae): with notes on Ulmus americana. Contr. Univ. Kansas Herb. 17: 1-5.
• McInteer, B. B. 1947 . Soil preference of some plants as seen in Kentucky. Castanea 12: 1-8.
• Mitchell, R. S. (eds.) (1988): 1988 . Platanaceae through Myricaceae of New York State. New York State Museum Bull. No. 464. The University of the State of New York, the State Education Department, Albany. , 98 pages.
• Muller, C. H. 1939 . Mechanically initiated bark growth in Celtis. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 22: 436-7.
• Pammel, L. H.; King, C. M. 1918 . The germination of some trees and shrubs and their juvenile forms. Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 25: 291-340.
• Priemer, F. 1893 . Die anatomischen Verholtnisse der Laubblotter der Ulmaceen (einschl. Celtideen) und die Beziehungen zu ihrer Systematik. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 419-75. (In German)
• Rosario, L. C. 1988 . Celtis occidentalis. ()
• Rothrock, J. T. 1908 . Hackberry, sugar-berry (C. occidentalis L.). Forest Leaves 11: 136-7.
• Sakai, A.; Weiser, C. J. 1973 . Freezing resistance of trees in North America with reference to tree regions. Ecology 54: 118-26.
• Sargent, C. S. 1893 . Celtis. Silva N. Am. 7: 63-75.
• Sargent, C. S. 1919 . Notes on North American trees, IV. Bot. Gaz. 67: 208-42.
• Sax, K. 1933 . Chromosome numbers in Ulmus and related genera. J. Arnold Arbor. 14: 82-4.
• Schaffner, J. H. 1904 . Twigs of the common hackberry. Ohio Naturalist 5: 215-6.
• Schneck, J. 1897 . The hackberries as ornamental and shade trees. Meehans' Monthly 7: 231-2.
• Schweitzer, E. M. 1971 . Comparative anatomy of Ulmaceae. J. Arnold Arbor. 52: 523-85.
• Smith, N. F. 1951 . Hackberry- Celtis occidentalis, Linnaeus. Michigan Conservation 20: 31-2.
• Snetsinger, R.; Himelick, E. B. 1957 . Observations on witches'-broom of hackberry (C. occidentalis). Pl. Dis. Reporter 41: 541-4.
• Takahashi, M. 1989 . Pollen morphology of Celtidaceae and Ulmaceae: a reinvestigation. In: Evolution, systematics and fossil history of the Hamamelidae. 2: Higher Hamamelidae. Clareson Press, Oxford. , 253-65 pages. (Syst. Assoc. Spec. Vol. 40B)
• Ueda, K.; Kosuge, K.; Tobe, H. 1997 . A molecular phylogeny of Celtidaceae and Ulmaceae (Urticales) based on rbcL nucleotide sequences. J. Pl. Res. 110: 171-8.
• Wagner, W. H. 1974 . Dwarf hackberry (Ulmaceae: Celtis tenuifolia) in the Great Lakes Region. Michigan Bot. 13: 73-99.
• Wheeler, E.; LaPasha, C. A.; Miller, R. B. 1988 . Woody anatomy of elm (Ulmus) and hackberry (Celtis) species native to the United States. IAWA Bull. 10: 5-26.
• Wolf, F. A. 1910 . Formation of adventitious roots by the hackberry tree. Pl. World 13: 174-5.