Genus: Asimina

Asimina triloba
Asimina triloba   (L.) Dunal  -  Pawpaw

Photo © by Peter Nelson
Taken at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden, NY, 1971.

By Katherine Gould, Angela Steward, & Steven D. Glenn

Not peer reviewed

Last Modified 04/03/2013

Back to Annonaceae

Nomenclature

Asimina Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 365, 521. 1763, (also spelled “Asimia”). Orchidocarpum Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am. 1: 329. 1803, nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1). Porcelia Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 95. 1807, nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1). Uvaria Torr. & A.Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 45. 1838, nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1). TYPE: Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal.

Key to the species of Asimina

 

List of Asimina Species

References to Asimina

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  • Bowden, W. M. 1949. Triploid mutants among diploid seedling populations of Asimina triloba. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 76: 1-6.
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  • Cypher, B. L.; Cypher, E. A. 1999. Germination rates of tree seeds ingested by coyotes and raccoons. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 142: 71-76.
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  • Exell, A. W. 1927. William Bartram and the genus Asimina in North America. J. Bot. 65: 65-70.
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  • Herms, W. B. 1907. Contribution to the life history of Asimina triloba. Ohio Naturalist 8: 211-7.
  • Hitchcock, A. S. 1893. The opening of the buds of some woody plants. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 6(5): 133-41.
  • Hoppes, W. G. 1988. Seedfall pattern of several species of bird-dispersed plants in an Illinois woodland. Ecology 69: 320-329.
  • Hosaka, N. et.al. 2005. The ecological significance of clonal growth in the understory tree, pawpaw (Asimina triloba). Northeastern Naturalist 12: 11-22.
  • Hupp, C. R. 1986. Upstream variation in bottomland vegetation patterns, northwestern Virginia. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 113: 421-30.
  • Jacquart, E. M.; Armentano, T. V.; Spingarn, A. L. 1992. Spatial and temporal tree responses to water stress in an old-growth deciduous forest. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 127: 158-71.
  • Kingsbury, J. M. 1966. Poison ivy, poison sumac and other rash-producing plants. Cornell Extension Bulletin 1154: 1-16.
  • Kral, R. 1960. A revision of Asimina and Deeringothamnus (Annonaceae). Brittonia 12(4): 233-78.
  • Lampton, R. K. 1953. Developmental morphology of ovule and seed in Asimina triloba Dunal. J. Tennessee Acad. Sci. 28: 182-3. (Abstract)
  • Lampton, R. K. 1957. Floral morphology in Asimina triloba Dunal. 1. Development of ovule and embryo sac. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 84: 151-156.
  • Layne, D. R. 1996. Development of pawpaw (Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal) as a fruit crop. Northern Nut Growers Ann. Rept. 87: 27-43.
  • Leverett, F. 1906. The northern limit of the pawpaw tree. Science 23: 919-20. (See also other authors, loc. cit. 23:920; 23:749-751. 1906; 24:48. 1906.)
  • Little, Elbert. L. 1979. Checklist of United States trees (native and naturalized). Agric. Handb. 541: 58.
  • Locke, J. F. 1936. Microsporogenesis and cytokinesis in Asimina triloba. Bot. Gaz. 98: 159-68. (Also in Atti Accad. Sci. Fis. Napoli, ser. 11, 1:1-9. 1936.)
  • Maycock, P. F. 1963. The phytosociology of the deciduous forests of extreme southern Ontario. Canad. J. Bot. 41: 379-438.
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  • Nash, G. V. 1896. Revision of the genus Asimina in North America. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 234-42.
  • Rao, P. R. M. 1982. Seed and fruit anatomy in Asimina triloba, with a discussion on the affinities of Annonaceae. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 103: 47-57.
  • Robertson, C. 1896. Flowers and insects. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci. 7: 151-179.
  • Rogstad, S. H. 1993. Variability in timing of sexual phases in the North American pawpaw, Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal (Annonaceae). Trillium 2(1): 5-7.
  • Rogstad, S. H.; Wolff, K.; Schaal, B. A. 1991. Geographical variation in Asimina triloba Dunal (Annonaceae) revealed by the M13 "DNA fingerprinting" probe. Amer. J. Bot. 78: 1391-6.
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  • Small, J. K. 1933. Manual of the Southeastern Flora. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
  • Smith, G. H. 1928. Vascular anatomy of Ranalian flowers, - II. Ranunculaceae (continued), Menispermaceae, Calycanthaceae, Annonaceae. Bot. Gaz. 85: 152-77.
  • Sobajma, Y. 1955. Studies on the pawpaw (Asimina triloba Dunal.). III. On the time of flower bud differentiation and bearing habit. Saikyo Univ. Facul. Agric. Sci. Rep. 7: 81-6. (In Japanese; English summary)
  • Sobajma, Y.; Kunimura, N. 1953. Studies on the pawpaw (Asimina triloba Dunal.). I. (1) Flowering season and microsporogenesis in pawpaw, (2) Insect visitors on the flowers of pawpaw. Saikyo Univ. Facul. Agric. Sci. Rep. 5: 33-46. (In Japanese)
  • Sobajma, Y.; Kunimura, N. 1954. Studies on the pawpaw (Asimina triloba Dunal.). II. On the fruit setting by the self pollination and germination test of pollen. Saikyo Univ. Facul. Agric. Sci. Rep. 6: 29-37. (In Japanese)
  • Sullivan, J. 1993. Asimina triloba. ()
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  • Walker, J. W. 1972. Chromosome numbers, phylogeny, phytogeography of the Annonaceae and their bearing on the (original) basic chromosome number of angiosperms. Taxon 21: 57-65.
  • Walker, J. W. 1971. Pollen morphology, phytogeogrphy, and phylogeny of the Annonaceae. Contr. Gray Herb. 202: 1-131.
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  • Wilder, C. M.; Holtzclaw, F . W.; Clebsch, E. E. C. 1999. Succession, sapling density and growth in canopy gaps along a topographic gradient in a second growth east Tennessee forest. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 142: 201-212.
  • Willson, M. F.; Schemske, D. W. 1980. Pollinator limitation, fruit production, and floral display in pawpaw (Asimina triloba). Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 107: 401-8.
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  • Young, D. R. 1987. Daily and seasonal variations in the water relations of the understory tree, Asimina triloba. Acta Oecol., Oecol. Pl. 8: 59-68.
  • Young, D. R. 1985. Crown architecture, light interception, and stomatal conductance patterns for sympatric deciduous and evergreen species in a forest understory. Canad. J. Bot. 63: 2425-9.
  • Young, D. R.; Yavitt, J. B. 1987. Differences in leaf structure, chlorophyll, and nutrients for the understory tree Asimina triloba. Amer. J. Bot. 74: 1487-91.
  • Zimmerman, G. A. 1941. Hybrids of the American pawpaw. J. Heredity 32: 83-91.
  • van Heusden, E. C. H. 1992. Flowers of Annonaceae: morphology, classification, and evolution. Blumea Suppl.7: 1-218.
  • van Setten, A. K.; Setten, A. K. van; Koek-Noorman, J. 1992. Fruits and seeds of Annonaceae: Morphology and its significance for classification and identification. Studies in Annonaceae XVII. Biblioth. Bot. 142: 1-154.